Literary Analysis Edgar Allan Poe - 1397 Words

â€Å"Science has not yet taught us if madness is or is not the sublimity of intelligence.† Edgar Allan Poe delineates the events and character development from his short story flawlessly with this quotation, as the narrator of the story transitions from precautious to mentally unhinged. This tale starts with the narrator boasting. As a person, he took immense pride in his preparatory measures and how vigilant he was. Furthermore, his whole life and all his motives were thrown out the window, as a result of this old man’s demonic eye taunting him. This demonic, taunting eye, an eye quoted as one that â€Å"resembled that of a vulture,† (2) instilled dread in the narrator’s heart. He followed up on his distress by making an attempt at removing himself of this eye. He fetched a lantern, and night after night persistently gazed upon this old man, more explicitly his eye, with vast amounts of caution. Each night, biding his time for countless hours, he would r elease a sliver of light upon the man’s eye, hoping to catch it open, and susceptible. However, this event never occurred, as one fateful night he made a tad too much noise. The old man noticed, but alas, it was too dark for him to see, only to suspect. The narrator stood for hours, waiting for his opening to withdraw himself from the scenario, an opening that never presented itself. This eye prompts the narrator to kill the old man in a panicked paroxysm after failing to eradicate solely the eye itself. With the cessation of thisShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis : The Raven By Edgar Allan Poe727 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The raven† by Edgar Allan Poe Example: â€Å"Once upon a midnight dreary while I pondered weak and weary (1); rare and radiant maiden (11); And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain (notice the deft use of consonance as well) (13); Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, / Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before (19-20)†. Analysis : â€Å"The raven† is a poem written by Ellan Edgar Poe. The reason why using alliteration is importantRead MoreEssay about Literary Analysis of The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe565 Words   |  3 PagesLiterary Analysis of The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe The life of Edgar Allan Poe was as morbid and melancholy as his works. After the abandonment by his father and the disturbing death of his mother, both prominent traveling actors, Edgar was reluctantly forced into orphanage. He was later taken into the home of John Allan, a wealthy tobacco merchant. Their relationship was shaky, at best, and the contention between the two would last until Allans death, where his willRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Masque Of The Red Death1409 Words   |  6 PagesA Literary Analysis of Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† Edgar Allan Poe is popularly known as a Gothic short story writer. He has produced many gruesome stories, including the short story â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†. In this short tale, Prince Prospero decides to lock himself and his friends of the court into a magnificently decorated abbey to escape becoming ill of a disease which has caused half the people in his land to perish. The Prince provides indulgences and throws partiesRead MoreLiterary Analysis of Annabel Lee by Edgar Allan Poe Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyzing of Annabel Lee by Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe in this poem â€Å"Annabel Lee† written in 1849, and first published shortly after his death in Sartain’s Union Magazine, is a story of true love and great loss where a man loves a woman so deeply and is devastated when she dies but holds on to that love even after death. No one really knows whom exactly Poe wrote this poem about, whether or not it was actually inspired by someone he truly loved due to his death right after he wrote it. ThereRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s Life1308 Words   |  6 PagesPoe was born on January 19, 1809. Poe was born into a family that was high respected and very public, so Poe was destined to have a public career (Dameron and Jacobs). When Poe was two, his parents died (â€Å"Edgar Allan Poe†) and his remaining family was split up into three different foster parents/homes. His oldest brother, William, lived with Poe’s grandfather from his father’s side of the family. Poe’s youngest sibling, Rosali e, lived with William Mackenzie. Poe went with John Allan whose wife wasRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe Research Paper931 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 10 Honors 13 February 2012 Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe was a sick man that went through a troubling life full of tragedies. For Poe to deal with this he drank and poured his feelings into his works. Honestly as horrible it is that he had to go through all of that we should be grateful because without his suffering these masterpieces wouldn’t have been fabricated. While intensifying his philosophy for short stories Edgar Allan Poe wrote â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† reflecting theRead More A Critical Essay on Edgar Allan Poe’s The Fall of the House of Usher (1839)1221 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican author Edgar Allan Poe’s (1809-1849) macabre and Gothic fictional prose The Fall of the House of Usher (1839) (Poe. 1987: 1). I shall present and argue how the artistic effects deployed in the narrative structure create an atmosphere of tension and suspense, through the exploration of architectural space demonstrated in a close reading and analysis from key passages of the text. The Fall of the House of Usher was written by the American author and poet Edgar Allan Poe, it first featuredRead MoreAnalysis of Edgar Allen Poes The Raven Essay917 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is one of the most well-known gothic writers around. He has written many form of writing from poems to short stories. One of his most famous narrative poems is â€Å"The Raven.† There are many reasons to read the â€Å"The Raven.† One reason to read the poem is because it is a classic. Secondly, reading â€Å"The Raven† can give sight to Poe’s thoughts and feelings towards his life. Thirdly, the poem is a good example of the mind set of someone who has faced a loss. Another reason would be thatRead MoreLiterary Devices Used By Edgar Allan Poe986 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand the poem in a much deeper stance. One great poet that uses such intricate writing in his poems is Edgar Allan Poe. Edgar Allan Poe uses several different literary devices in his maj or 1849 poem Annabel Lee. In his text he incorporates theme with imagery, symbolism, and form. These literary devices help lead the audience to the understanding of the overall meaning of the poem. Edgar Allan Poe s use of symbolism allows for the audience to understand how this gentleman feels about Annabel Lee.Read MoreThe Life of Edgar Allan Poe1119 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Allan Poe In one case out of a hundred a point is excessively discussed because it is obscure; in the ninety-nine remaining it is obscure because it is excessively discussed. This quote by Edgar Allan Poe describes his obscure works which have been discussed and criticized in great detail for many years to come. Some readers believe that his works are too dark and eccentric maybe even deathly. Others believe his works to be masterpieces. However, one thing that is not up for debate is the

Abuse and Proper Discipline Free Essays

I have experienced many things in my life. All of my life experiences have affected me in different ways. Some experiences were good and some were not. We will write a custom essay sample on Abuse and Proper Discipline or any similar topic only for you Order Now The physical abuse I experienced by my father was the most impact experience. A parent is supposed to create a safe, stable, and loving home. Instead my father created a home of fear, instability, and inconsistency. This affected my behavior in school, and how I react to things later in life. I was born in Florida. At the age of two my father moved me and my three brothers to New York. At this time my mother was not in the picture for unknown reasons. My father was avid alcoholic, and drank a lot. During his drunken rages he would abuse me and my three brothers. My father moved us around a lot, and we never really stayed In one place for very long. I was never quite sure why this was, but I would guess that maybe someone or somebody became suspicious of what was taking place In our home. This resulted In us taking off before anyone could find out for sure. My father started beating us while he was drunk, but then eventually started abusing us while he was sober. It became a regular thing for us and almost expected. He would start to hit us based on his moods. If he had a bad day at work, or had a fight with one of his girlfriends. He would choke us, punch us, throw us, and has even gone as far as burn my brother’s arm on the stove. There were times that we did not eat for days. It was not because we did not have any food, but because he wanted to punish us. He also kicked us out of the house, and made us sleep outside. Even In the winter. I was terrified of my father. Instead of Henning 2 growing up feeling love and trust. I grew up feeling fear and pain. I would often watch sitcoms on TV, and wish that I could just jump into the screen. Daydreaming of a better life was something I did often. I wanted to leave, but this was all I knew. This was my life and nothing was going to change it. My father did not only abuse me when I did wrong, but instead he would abuse me when he was in a foul mood. The abuse was inconsistent, and because of this my behavior was impacted. In school I would lash out at teachers, and was defiant. My father was not concerned with proper discipline or punishment. I was more of a punching bag for his anger. Therefore I did not understand how to act or behave properly. I was uncontrollable in school. I would Jump on desks, and crawl underneath tables In the lunch room. I even threw chairs at the teacher when I did not want to do something she asked. I was violent with my classmates, and disruptive. The bus ride to school was also a problem. I would Jeopardize the safety of the other children by jumping over the seats, and disrupting the bus driver. It got would get letters and phone calls from the school, he did not seem to care. My father was more worried about what was going on in his world to care what was happening at my school. After a while the school decided I needed to be enrolled in a special school that was more equipped to handle my behavior issues. No one in the school system even thought twice about the discipline at home. If they had investigated our home they would have found out my father never disciplined us, but abused us instead. To this day I feel that proper discipline is needed for a child to grow up and become successful in life. The abuse started to get worse as we got older. He became a lot more aggressive. He even ended up sending me to the hospital for bashing my head on the bathroom floor. The reason for the more intense abuse was because of the increase in size of my older brother. My brother was getting older, and was able to fight back. Unfortunately my dad was still Henning 3 a lot bigger than my brother. My dad would often punch holes in the walls when he was mad. One day I was picking at one of the holes in the wall that my father punched in. He walked by and saw me doing this. Out of nowhere he punched me right in the eye, and I went to school the next day with a black eye. This started causing a scene with my teachers and nurses. I went to school plenty of times with black eyes, and bruises. I could not understand why this one was any different. The ruse must have gotten sick and tired of seeing it, and finally acted. This caused an investigation, and at the age of eight years old I was removed from the hell that I called home. When I was being removed from my home I remember seeing my neighbor with an unsurprised look on her face. This made me wonder if she had suspected the abuse all along. It also made me wonder how many others knew or suspected what was taken place in my home. After being removed from the house I called home. I was placed with a foster family. The first few months were great. I was not scared and looking over my shoulder anymore. I was happy and felt love for the first time. My foster mom made pancakes and sausages for breakfast in the mornings. I have never had anyone make breakfast for me before, and it was like heaven. I had warm bed to sleep in, and I even had a TV in my room. It might have seemed that my story was over. However the effects of the abuse were still there, and my behaviors still caused many problems. Throughout my life I had to go through therapy to undo the damage my father caused. I had to relearn how to act and behave properly. Today I am a pretty optimistic person, and I do not like to use my past as a crutch. However I will not deny hat there are some lasting effects that the abuse still holds. Therapy was very successful for me. It help me deal with what happened, and encouraged me to move on with my life. However therapy cannot remove the memories and the experience. I will forever remember the abuse I endured. Henning 4 The abuse from my father affected me in many ways. I had to struggle, and was not able to have a normal childhood. I grew up in a home full of fear, and lacked the to relearn how to behave properly. I do not regret what happened in the past, for my past is part of who I am. What I have been through and what I endured has only made me stronger. How to cite Abuse and Proper Discipline, Papers

Managing Financials Resources and Decisions

Question: Write an essay on "Managing Financial Resources and Decisions". Answer: Budget is anticipation and preparation of statements in order to plan and control the revenues and costs of products so that the business can achieve is desired goals. Master budget is a set of forecasted and planned financial statements and schedules prepared for the entire company (Ahmad 2015). On the other hand, functional budget is a statement of incomes and expenditures plan for the operating department of an organization. Sales budget of an organization is an evaluation and measurement of the sales forecasted in terms of price and units that are considered by the products, geographical region, sales period and marketing channels (Lawson et al. 2015). Selling and distribution expenses budget is a statement that presents the expected, forecasted expenditures related to salaries and commission to the sales department of the organization, and other marketing and sales related cost forecast like transportation charges, fright and carrier charges, warehousing or storage costs etc is presented in this statement (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso 2015). Research and development cost budget is presentation of the costs related to the research and development of products of the company. This expenditure is a non-recurring expenditure and is incurred before the start of manufacturing process for the design and development of the products (Ahmad 2015). This statement presents costs related to the cost of manufacturing, designing of products, labor costs, executive compensations etc are determined. Production or manufacturing costs budget presents the planned and anticipated costs and quantities related to the production and manufacture of products in order to meet the supply and market demand in the industry so that the company can achieve its targeted goals. The statement also presents the units and costs of raw materials, work in progress limitations, labour costs in relation to production, cost of manufacturing machines and equipments are also presented (Lawson et al. 2015). Capital budgets is an important functional budget statement as the entire operation of the business primarily depends on the capital structure employed or to be employed by the company (BoyabatlÄÂ ±, Leng and Toktay 2015). This statement presents the mode and structure of capital components that the company plans to employ for the operation of its business. Apart from the above tools, administrative budget, labor budget, cash budget are also important tools that help in the decision making process in an enterprise. Hence, it can be said that the master budget helps the owner or entrepreneur in the decision-making process if the above stated parts of the financial and production budget is prepared and determined properly. Example of a sales budget is present as under: Company XYZ limited Sales budget Third quarter 2016 Partiulars Budgeted units to be sold Budgeted sales price per unit ($) Budgeted Total sales price June 2016, Actual (assumed) 600 150.00 90,000.00 July 2016 750 150.00 112,500.00 August 2016 1050 150.00 157,500.00 September 2016 1000 150.00 150,000.00 Total for third quarter 2,800 420,000.00 From the above example it is observed that the forecasted sales budget for the third quarter month July is the lowest compared to other months hence the management can take steps to increase the sales units. Unit cost is the cost of one product produced and sold by the organization when it produces the huge number of same and identical units. The unit cost is determined from the variable and fixed costs of the products involved in manufacturing process (Javid et al. 2015). The fixed cost is a non-recurring cost that comprises of the cost of manufacturing equipments, plant or factory rent, research and development costs etc. whereas the variable cost comprises of direct materials, direct labor cost, and direct expenses in relation to production process. The following formula can be used for the computation of unit cost: (Total fixed cost+ total variable cost)/ Total unit produced For example, company XYZ has direct material costs $1,000, direct labour costs $1,050, equipment cost $10,000, direct expenses $2,000 and units produced 2,000. Total variable cost: Direct material $1,000 Direct Labour $1,050 Direct Expenses $2,000 Total variable cost $4,050 Total Fixed cost $10,000 Units produced 2,000 Therefore, unit cost is ($4050 + $10,000)/ 2,000 = $7.025 Different types of pricing strategy are used by the organizations in order to sell the goods and services so that the revenue generation and profitability of the business can be maximized. The pricing strategies are also used to obtain the market share of the industry in terms of consumers demands and supply of the products (Chandar and Tchamkerten 2015). The different types of pricing strategy use in the business are as follows: Premium Pricing is a strategy in which the owner fix the price of the product more than the price of competitors that can be used if the product is new in the market or unique to the consumers or it has some distinctive features (Crott et al. 2016). The entrepreneur uses Penetration Pricing for the products by establishing low price in compared to the competitors in order to capture the market share and to attract the buyers. This strategy is used to make the products more saleable with lower sale price so that the business can sustain in the market and maximize its revenue in the long run (Javid et al. 2015). Price Skimming is a process that is used by the owner as a competitive advantage to earn maximum turnover before the competitors offer similar or identical products. Under this strategy the pricing is fixed for the new and varieties of products by constant change in the design and technology to attract the consumers (Crott et al. 2016). Psychological Pricing is commonly used by the producers and manufacturers that provides a small incentives to the consumers but makes huge psychological impact on their minds in order to purchasing the products for example, price of product at $199 will attract customers instead of pricing at $200 (Chandar and Tchamkerten 2015). Payback is a period that is required to retrieve the cost of investment that is considered in the business operation so that the determination of profitability can be done. The payback period should not be longer as the longer recovery period implies the less or slow recovery of cost of investment that is not fruitful for the companys growth and is computed by dividing cost of project by annual cash inflows (Orioli and Di Gangi 2015). Whereas net present value is determined as the difference between the project outflows in the first year and the present value of cash inflows projected for a particular period (Winkler 2015). Calculation of payback period for the data provided in the assignment: $1,850,000/ $(250000+ 350000+ 500000+ 500000+ 450000) =$1,850,000/ $2,050,000 = $0.902 year i.e. 1 year approximately Calculation of NPV Year SG $ Discounting factor @15% Present value 0 (1,850,000.00) 1 (1,850,000.00) 1 250,000.00 0.869 217,250.00 2 350,000.00 0.756 264,600.00 3 500,000.00 0.658 329,000.00 4 500,000.00 0.572 286,000.00 5 450,000.00 0.497 223,650.00 NPV (529,500.00) From the above calculation, it can be interpreted that the payback period of the project as per finance assistant of Spring ltd. is around 1 year that is the expected period to recover the cost of companys investment. While NPV determination shows that, the project is incurring negative NPV and the project should not be considered. However, in case of payback period, only the cost recovery period is measured and not the profitability hence, if the profitability is ignored then the company can go ahead with the project because the period of cost retrieving is quite decent that is one year. However, if the company is more inclined for profit earning then it should not take up the project as it is showing loss with the five years of cash inflows. Trading Account is an initial part of the financial statements for an organization that discloses the gross profits or losses of goods and services incurred. Trading account is comprised of direct incomes, expenditures, and inventory for trading profit and loss determination during the period of accounting and transferred to the profit and loss account. The main purpose of the trading account is to measure the sales turnover of the products with the cost of goods sold including inventories (Brown 2016). Profit and Loss Account is the second step of the financial statements that represents the net profit or net loss of the business in an accounting period and the balance of the profit and loss is transferred to the balance sheet statement of the company (Biddle 2015). Profit and loss account is prepared by considering all the indirect expenses and incomes on accrual basis of accounting along with recording the trading gross profit or loss and is prepared in two parts- above the line items and below the line items. Above the line items of profit and loss account consists of the incomes and expenses that are directly related to the business while below the line items are the appropriation of profits (Minnis and Sutherland 2015). In the context of accounting, profit and loss accounting is also known as Income Statement that measures the financial performance of the enterprise at the end of the financial year. The income statement is prepared by recognizing the operating and non- operating incomes and expenditures for the determination of net incomes and losses (Bostwick, Lambert and Donelan 2015). Another difference is that the profit and loss account is prepared for the organizations involved in trading and manufacturing sector while income statement is prepared for the service sector and individuals. Balance Sheet is a statement of financial accounting that represents the financial position of the enterprise at the end of the accounting period in order to measure the balance of assets and liabilities the company is employing. The purpose of the balance sheet is to disclose and obtain the information about the companys total capital balance at the end of the accounting period and the values the company owns and owes which is a statutory requirement for the benefit of investors, shareholders and government (Yeh et al. 2016). A. In the books of Famous Travels Financial statement for the year ended 31st December 2015 Account Number Particulars Amount SGD Amount SGD Profit Loss Account/ Income Statement 410 Ticket Sales 3,500.00 401 Client Fees 100.00 Total Income (A) 3,600.00 Less: Expenditures: 501 Advertisement Expenses 1,000.00 510 Maintenance Expenses 350.00 520 Rent Expense 2,000.00 530 Utilities Expenses 450.00 Total Expenditures (B) 3,800.00 Net Income/ Loss (A-B) (200.00) Statement of Financial Position Assets Non- Current Assets: 120 Computer Equipment 1,250.00 130 Office Equipment 300.00 Total non- current assets (A) 1,550.00 Current Assets: 105 Account Receivable Hague's Market 250.00 110 Account Receivable Yopp Co. 750.00 101 Cash 17,500.00 Total current assets (B) 18,500.00 Total Assets (A+B) 20,050.00 Capital and Liabilities: 301 Matt William, Capital 20,000.00 305 Less: Matt William, Drawings (500.00) Add: Net Income/ Loss (200.00) Total Capital (A) 19,300.00 Liabilities: 201 Account Payable First City Press 500.00 205 Account Payable Kens Office Supplies 250.00 Total liabilities (B) 750.00 Total Capital and Liabilities (A+ B) 20,050.00 Reasons and evidence: The financial statement for Matt William has been prepared in accordance with the Singapore Financial Reporting Standards and consisted of income statement/ profit and loss account and statement of financial position (Bostwick, Lambert and Donelan 2015). The above financial statement prepared for the travel agency owner who is a single shareholder of his company, therefore capital is measured by considering the investment by Matt William, drawings and net loss incurred during the year (Yeh et al. 2016). B. In the books of M/s Zara Textiles Financial Statement for the year ended 31st December 2015 Particulars Amount SGD Amount SGD Trading Account Sales (A) 3,686,000.00 Less: Cost of goods sold Opening Stock 63,650.00 Textile Purchases 2,256,000.00 Carriage Inwards 178,200.00 Wages 325,000.00 Total cost (B) 2,822,850.00 Gross Profit/ (Loss) (A-B) 863,150.00 Profit and Loss Account Gross Profit b/d (A) 863,150.00 Less: Indirect Costs during the year Salaries 104,000.00 Rent 126,000.00 Printing and Stationery 74,650.00 Advertisements 86,000.00 Total Indirect Costs (B) 390,650.00 Net Profit/ (Loss) (A-B) 472,500.00 Statement of Financial Position Assets Non- Current Assets: Office Building 423,450.00 Machinery 569,000.00 Motor Vehicles 210,000.00 Total Non- Current Assets (A) 1,202,450.00 Current Assets: Trade Debtors 208,000.00 Cash 26,000.00 Bank 119,000.00 Total Current Assets (B) 353,000.00 Total Assets (A+B) 1,555,450.00 Capital and Liabilities Total Capital: Capital 250,000.00 Retained Profit 652,950.00 Add: Net Profit 472,500.00 1,125,450.00 Total capital employed (A) 1,375,450.00 Liabilities: Trade Creditors (B) 180,000.00 Total Capital and Liabilities (A+ B) 1,555,450.00 The above financial statement has been prepared in accordance with the Singapore Financial Reporting Standards and on accrual basis of accounting. The format of financial statement differs in both the task (A) and (B), because the financial statement in first task has been prepared for a sole proprietorship business engaged in providing travelling services, hence trading account for the same cannot be prepared. Whereas in case of second task the financial statement prepared is for a company engaged in textile manufacturing business that involves in manufacturing and trading business and therefore trading account is a first step of financial statement that is to be prepared. Computation and analysis of ratios based on the financial statements of Xylo Pte Limited for the financial years ended on 31st December, 2013 and 2014: Calculation of ratios Financial statements of Xylo Pte Ltd For the year ended 31st December 2014 2013 1 Gross Profit Ratio: Gross Profit (A) 208,000.00 180,000.00 Net sales (B) 836,000.00 784,000.00 Ratio = A/B*100 24.88 22.96 Analysis: This states that the company is earning a gross margin of 24.88% in 2014 and 22.96 in the year 2013. It implies that the company can decline its sales price by 24.88% and 22.96% respectively. 2 Net Profit Ratio: Net Profit after tax (A) 68,000.00 52,000.00 Net sales (B) 836,000.00 784,000.00 Ratio = A/B*100 8.13 6.63 Analysis: Net profit ratio interprets the total profit earned by the company in terms of percentage. High percentage of net profit indicates the efficiency of company to generate total profit. 3 Return on Capital Employed: Earnings before interest and tax (A) 116,000.00 100,000.00 Capital Employed (Total assets- total current liabilities) (B) 632,000.00 636,000.00 Ratio = A/B*100 18.35 15.72 Analysis: Return on capital employed states the efficiency of earning on the cost of capital invested by the company. In the given case, return on capital shows the efficiency of earning on capital, as return on both the years is high. 4 Current Assets Ratio: Current Assets (A) 296,000.00 340,000.00 Current Liabilities (B) 184,000.00 260,000.00 Ratio = A/B 1.61 1.31 Analysis: Current ratio of a company states the availability of working capital funds in order to meet the obligations and it should be more than one. In case of Xylo ltd., the current ratio is above the industrial standards and hence it is efficient in paying off the current liabilities. 5 Quick Assets Ratio: Current Assets- Inventory (A) 128,000.00 192,000.00 Current Liabilities (B) 184,000.00 260,000.00 Ratio = A/B 0.70 0.74 Analysis: Quick Assets Ratio states the efficiency of an organization in meeting its liabilities excluding inventories and this ratio should also be more than one. In the given case, the ratio is less than one in both the years 2013 and 2014; therefore, the company is required to improve its working capital funds. 6 Trade Receivable Period: Average Accounts Receivable (A) 150,000.00 92,000.00 Total sales per day (B) 2,290.41 2,147.95 Period in days(A/B) 65.49 42.83 Analysis: Trade Receivable Period is the period that indicates the length of the credit period a company can allow in terms of credit sales. From the given calculation, it can be observed that the company can allow around 65 days of credit in 2014 and 42 days in 2013. 7 Trade Payable Period: Total Purchases (A) 648,000.00 636,000.00 Average Accounts Payable (B) 332,000.00 260,000.00 Period in days(A/B) 1.95 2.45 Analysis: Trade payable period determines the "number of days" a company is paying off its purchasers or creditors. The above calculation shows that the company was paying off its creditors in 2 days in the year 2014 and 2.5 days in 2013 (approximately). The information that are required by different decision makers are the elements of financial statements, that is profit and loss account elements, cash flow information, capital structure, profit earned, assets and liabilities and other relevant information (Im and Choi 2015). Ratio analysis helps in decision-making process as it involves different types of components in the calculations. The ratio analysis implies the results and comparisons in terms of percentage and therefore it becomes easy to make decision for the investors and users of annual report (Bhatia 2015). Reference List: Ahmad, M.A., 2015. An Exploratory Study of Management Accounting Practices in Industrial Companies in Jordan (Case StudyIndustrial CompaniesASE).Journal of Economics Theory,9(1), pp.1-7. Bhatia, M., 2015. Insights into Financial Ratios Communication by NSE 100 Companies.The MA Journal,50(6), pp.108-113. Biddle, G.C., 2015. The Role of Financial Statements in Reporting Financial Performance. InAccounting Finance/IASB Research Forum. Bostwick, E.D., Lambert, S.L. and Donelan, J.G., 2015. A Wrench in the COGS: An Analysis of the Differences between Cost of Goods Sold as Reported in Compustat and on the Financial Statements.Accounting Horizons. BoyabatlÄÂ ±, O., Leng, T. and Toktay, L.B., 2015. The impact of budget constraints on flexible vs. dedicated technology choice.Management Science,62(1), pp.225-244. Brown, P.J., 2016. Calculation of Environmentally Sustainable Residual Income (eSRI) from IFRS Financial Statements: An Extension of Richard (2012). InIFRS in a Global World(pp. 141-157). Springer International Publishing. Chandar, V. and Tchamkerten, A., 2015, June. Asynchronous capacity per unit cost under a receiver sampling constraint. InInformation Theory (ISIT), 2015 IEEE International Symposium on(pp. 511-515). IEEE. Crott, R., Lawson, G., Nollevaux, M.C., Castiaux, A. and Krug, B., 2016. Comprehensive cost analysis of sentinel node biopsy in solid head and neck tumors using a time-driven activity-based costing approach.European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, pp.1-8. Im, H. and Choi, J., 2015. Identifying the Key Financial Ratios to Evaluate Korean Construction Firms' Soundness.Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure Construction,31(7), pp.117-126. Javid, M., Hadian, M., Ghaderi, H., Ghaffari, S. and Salehi, M., 2015. Application of the Activity-Based Costing Method for Unit-Cost Calculation in a Hospital.Global journal of health science,8(1), p.165. Lawson, R.A., Blocher, E.J., Brewer, P.C., Morris, J.T., Stocks, K.D., Sorensen, J.E., Stout, D.E. and Wouters, M.J., 2015. Thoughts on competency integration in accounting education.Issues in Accounting Education,30(3), pp.149-171. Minnis, M. and Sutherland, A., 2015. Financial statements as monitoring mechanisms: Evidence from small commercial loans.Chicago Booth Research Paper, (13-75). Orioli, A. and Di Gangi, A., 2015. The recent change in the Italian policies for photovoltaics: Effects on the payback period and levelized cost of electricity of grid-connected photovoltaic systems installed in urban contexts.Energy,93, pp.1989-2005. Weygandt, J.J., Kimmel, P.D. and Kieso, D.E., 2015.Financial Managerial Accounting. John Wiley Sons. Winkler, S.C., 2015. Small-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Investment: Payback Periods, Net Present Value, and the Impact of EPA 111 (D). Yeh, C.C., Chi, D.J., Lin, T.Y. and Chiu, S.H., 2016. A Hybrid Detecting Fraudulent Financial Statements Model Using Rough Set Theory and Support Vector Machines.Cybernetics and Systems, pp.1-16.

Paul walker essay free essay sample

Paul Walker born in California in 1973, he made his bigscreen debut in the 1986 horror spoof â€Å"Monster in Your Closet. † After appearing in several television shows in the 1990s, including Charles in Charge, Whos the Boss? and The Young and the Restless, Walker gained attention with a role in the 1999 film Varsity Blues, and his TV days were officially behind him. After working in teen movies such as Shes All That and The Skulls. Walker got his breakthrough role in 2001 with The Fast and the Furious, which would become his star vehicle and keep him busy through four sequels and a short prequel. The Fast and the Furious which established Walker as an action-film actor, and he went on to appear in several films in the genre, including Takers, Hours and Vehicle 19. Walker died in a car accident on November 30, 2013, at age 40. In 2001, Walkers career hit overdrive when he landed a leading role alongside up-and-comer Vin Diesel in The Fast and the Furious. We will write a custom essay sample on Paul walker essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A film that paid homage to road films of the 1970s, The Fast and the Furious brought Walker to new heights of fame on the way to box-office receipts of more than $200 million. With this money he donated most of it to various charities and third world countires that were in need of the extra help. In 2012, Walker signed on to film The Fast and the Furious 6, keeping the series going. While not filming, Walker was active in Reach Out Worldwide, a nonprofit organization he formed in 2010 to bring aid to regions devastated by natural disasters. Paul Walkers death in a car crash is a tragedy, but the good deeds he did for others will live on. Walkers generosity in a random act of kindness recently came to light. In 2004, the actor stopped by jewelry store Bailey Banks Biddle in Santa Barbara, CA, and encountered a military couple browsing the engagement rings. Kyle Upham, a soldier who was about to be deployed on his second tour of duty in Iraq, was in the store with his wife, Kristen. He wanted to upgrade her ring to something nicer. One engagement set caught Kristens eye, but it was $9,000 way out of their budget. I noticed there was someone else in there, but didnt give it much thought, Kristen recalled to CBS in Los Angeles. We started looking at rings and whatnot and he kept saying, Go bigger and I kept saying, No, look at the prices. The newlyweds struck up a conversation with Walker and soon realized they were speaking to the star of The Fast and the Furious actor. Walker seemed even more impressed with Kyles line of work. After there conversation the couple left the store without purchasing anything. While heading out the salesperson ran out of the store calling the couple back stating that the 9000$ ring is freee of charge. The salesperson didnt reveal to the couple who purchased the ring for them, but decided to come public with the truth after Walkers death, thinking it would be a nice story to share with the world. He called the manager and he said, Um, the ring that those people are looking at put it on my tab,' she said. Soon after that, he just left. To do something like that to a perfect stranger is just unbelievable, King adds. The couple, who is still happily married, plans to hand the ring down to the next generations in their family. Kristen said, Its still to this day the most generous thing anyone has ever done for me. This was just one of the remarkable things that Walker did out of the kindness of his heart. Paul Walker created charities and organizations to help others in need of help due to natural disasters. Paul Walker founded the organization, which works with local experts to provide disaster relief, in January 2010, after Haiti was devastated by an earthquake. On the day of his death, Walker was attending a holiday toy drive for the organization. Even after his death his fellow actors of â€Å"Fast and Furious† and also family continues to donate and encourages people to donate to Paul Walkers organization. With the passing of Paul, the world has lost a man who spent a great deal of his life in service to others, stated the chairman of Universal Pictures, Donna Langley. His organizations reaches worldwide and collects proceeds everywhere. Paul Walker dedicated himself to helping those blighted by natural disasters across the world. He is seen in Haiti and Chile working for the charity he set up, â€Å"Reach Out Worldwide† (his organization), most recently secretly plowing money into the tornado-struck Philippines. â€Å"We lost one of the good ones, but he’s left a lasting legacy,† stated the charity’s operation manager. Over the last three years, Paul was on the ground in destroyed villages of Haiti, Chile and Alabama and set up hospitals to areas destroyed by tsunamis and tornadoes, much to the amazement of local people and too many of his fans. Paul saw what was happening in some poorer countries and wasn’t content to donate to the Red Cross, but got ROW started. He would literally get on the phone and kick down the doors to get doctors, nurses, specialists, and put together a team to get out to disasters. Haiti was the first one. After the earthquake hit Haiti in January 2010, Paul and a team went straight out there to help save lives. The things that Paul Walker did were very remarkable! Paul Walker random acts of kindness were what really made him amazing and nice hearted. While not filming, Walker was active in Reach Out Worldwide, a nonprofit organization he formed in 2010 to bring aid to regions devastated by natural disasters. Walker died in a car accident on November 30, 2013 at the age of 40. Walker was in Santa Clarita, California to attend a charity event for Reach Out Worldwide to benefit victims of Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines. He was reportedly in the passenger seat of a Porsche when his friend who was driving lost control, crashing the vehicle into a tree. The car was engulfed in flames and both individuals were pronounced dead at the scene of the accident. Even in his death he was still trying to help others and a country that needed help. Paul walker will surely be remembered for his generosity and giving natures, alive and even after his death.

Investigating a Sequence of Numbers Essay Example

Investigating a Sequence of Numbers Essay Example Investigating a Sequence of Numbers Essay Investigating a Sequence of Numbers Essay In this Mathematics Portfolio, I am going to investigate a sequence of numbers by mathematical methods which I have learnt in the I.B. Mathematics HL course. Throughout the investigation, I will include all my workings in order to let examiners know exactly how I come up with the answers. A sequence is a set of numbers with a definite order. A series is a sum of a sequence. The sequence of numbers {an}?n =1 is: 1 x 1!, 2 x 2!, 3 x 3!, The two signs outside the bracket of an represent the range of the sequence. The bottom one is where the sequence begins and the one above is where it should end. Since it is stated the sequence starts from n = 1, therefore the first term, a1 = 1 x 1!, the second term, a2 = 2 x 2! and the third term, a3 = 3 x 3! The ! sign after the numbers is called a factorial notation. The notation basically means the product of all the numbers from 1 to the number with the notation. For example: 3! = 1 x 2 x 3 = 6 5! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 = 120 ? n! = 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x x n 2! x 3 = 1 x 2 x 3 = 3! = 6 ? n! x (n + 1) = (n + 1)! Going back to the investigation, to find the nth term of the sequence, the steps are shown below: a1 = 1 x 1! = 1 a2 = 2 x 2! = 2 x 1 x 2 = 4 a3 = 3 x 3! = 3 x 1 x 2 x 3 = 18 a4 = 4 x 4! = 4 x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4= 96 . . . ? an = n x n! This is because looking at the sequence, I noticed that there is a similarity in each term. For an, when n = 1, the calculation will be 1 x 1!; when n = 2, the calculation will be 2 x 2!. Therefore from this pattern, the formula to find the nth term is: an = n x n! Let Sn = a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + + an The term Sn means the summation of all the numbers in the sequence from the first term to the nth term. The mathematical explanation is shown above. For example, a sequence of numbers is 1,2,3,4,5,6,. S1 = 1 S2 = 1 + 2 = 3 S6 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 21 In the sequence that I am investigating, I am told to find Sn for different values of n: S1 = a1 = 1 x 1! = 1 S2 = a1 + a2 = 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! = 1 + 4 = 5 S3 = a1 + a2 + a3 = 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! + 3 x 3! = 1 + 4 + 18 = 23 S4 = a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 = 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! + 3 x 3! + 4 x 4! = 1 + 4 + 18 + 96 = 119 S7 = a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 = 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! + 3 x 3! + 4 x 4! + 5 x 5! + 6 x 6! + 7 x 7! = 1 + 4 + 18 + 96 + 600 + 4320 + 35280 = 40319 By using the information above, I will try to conjecture an expression for Sn. I am going to put all the datas on a table to see if there is any significant discovery. n 1 2 3 4 5 6 an 1 4 18 96 600 4320 Sn 1 5 23 119 719 5039 n! 1 2 6 24 120 720 From the table, I noticed that an is always the difference between n! and (n + 1)! The mathematical expression is: an = (n + 1)! n! Since (n + 1)! seems useful for the investigation, I did another table too: n 1 2 3 4 5 6 (n + 1)! 2 6 24 120 720 5040 Sn 1 5 23 119 719 5039 Looking at the row of (n + 1)! and Sn, there is a constant difference of 1 between them. Therefore I added the row of Sn to the second table (in black). When n = 1, (n + 1)! = 2 ; Sn = 1 n = 2, (n + 1)! = 6 ; Sn = 5 . . . n = 6, (n + 1)! = 5040; Sn = 5039 According to what I have discovered, Sn can be express mathematically in this way: Sn = 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! + 3 x 3! + + n x n! = (n + 1)! 1 To prove that my expression is right, I am using mathematical induction to verify the given result: Pn : 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! + 3 x 3! + + n x n! = (n + 1)! 1 Pk : 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! + 3 x 3! + + k x k! = (k + 1)! 1 If Pk+1 is true the result should be (k + 1 + 1)! 1 = (k + 2)! 1 Pk+1 : 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! + 3 x 3! + + k x k! + (k + 1) x (k + 1)! = (k + 1)! 1 + (k + 1) x (k + 1)! = (k + 1)! [(k + 1) + 1] 1 = (k + 1)! (k + 2) 1 = (k + 2)! 1 ? Pk+1 is true. P1 : LHS = 1 x 1! = 1 RHS = (1 + 1)! 1 = 1 ? P1 is true. ? Pn is true for all positive integers n. Already I have derived the formula an = (n + 1)! n! from the first table. But there is still another way to derive it just from the original formula: an = n x n! = (n + 1 1) x n! = (n + 1) x n! n! = (n + 1)! n! Sn = a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + + an = (1 + 1)! 1! + (2 + 1)! 2! + (3 + 1)! 3! + (4 + 1)! 4! + (5 + 1)! 5! + + (n + 1)! n! = 2! 1! + 3! 2! + 4! 3! + 5! 4! + 6! 5! + + (n + 1)! n! At this step, I can see that many numbers cancel out each other except (-1) and (n + 1)! as it goes on to the last term: = -1! + (n + 1)! = (n + 1)! 1 Alternatively, I have used another method to prove of my conjecture for Sn: Sn = 1 x 1! + 2 x 2! + 3 x 3! + + n x n! = (n + 1)! 1 Let cn = an + an+1 According to what I have done before, an = (n + 1)! n! ? cn = (n + 1)! n! + (n + 1 + 1)! (n + 1)! = (n + 1)! n! + (n + 2)! (n + 1)! = (n + 2)! n! To simplify it: cn = (n + 2)! n! = (n + 2) (n + 1) (n!) n! = n! [(n + 2) (n + 1) 1] = n! (n2 + 2n + n + 2 1) = n! (n2 + 3n + 1) Tn = c1 + c2 + c3 + c4 + c5 + + cn To investigate Tn for different values of n, a table is drawn below showing all the values contribute to Tn: n 1 2 3 4 5 6 an : n x n! 1 4 18 96 600 4320 an+1 : (n + 1) x (n + 1)! 4 18 96 600 4320 35280 (n + 1)! 2 6 24 120 720 5040 (n + 2)! 6 24 120 720 5040 40320 n! 1 2 6 24 120 720 cn : (n + 2)! n! 5 22 114 696 4920 39600 T1 = c1 = 1 T2 = c1 + c2 = 5 + 22 = 27 T3 = c1 + c2 + c3 = 5 + 22 + 114 = 141 T4 = c1 + c2 + c3 + c4 = 5 + 22 + 114 + 696 = 837 T5 = c1 + c2 + c3 + c4 + c5 = 5 + 22 + 114 + 696 + 4920 = 5757 T6 = c1 + c2 + c3 + c4 + c5 + c6 = 5 + 22 + 114 + 696 + 4920 + 39600 = 45357 Tn 5 27 141 837 5757 45357 Looking at the column of (n + 1)!, (n + 2)! and Tn, when I add (n + 1)! to (n + 2)!, there is a constant difference of 3 between the sum and Tn. According to what I have found out, Tn can be express mathematically like this: Tn = (1 + 2)! 1! + (2 + 2)! 2! + (3 + 2)! 3! + (n + 2)! n! = (n + 1)! + (n + 2)! 3 Tn = c1 + c2 + c3 + c4 + c5 + + cn-1 + cn ? cn = (n + 2)! n! Tn = (1 + 2)! 1! + (2 + 2)! 2! + (3 + 2)! 3! + (4 + 2)! 4! + (5 + 2)! 5! + + (n 1 + 2)! (n 1)! + (n + 2)! n! = 3! 1! + 4! 2! + 5! 3! + 6! 4! + 7! 5! + + (n + 1)! (n 1)! + (n + 2)! n! At this step, I can see that many numbers cancel out each other except (-1!), (-2!), [(n + 1)!] and [(n + 2)!] as it goes on to the last term: = (n + 1)! + (n + 2)! 1! 2! ? Tn = (1 + 2)! 1! + (2 + 2)! 2! + (3 + 2)! 3! + (n + 2)! n! = (n + 1)! + (n + 2)! 3 In conclusion, throughout the investigation, I have used different methods to find out patterns of the sequences and successfully conjecture expressions for different sequences. Moreover, to prove the conjecture, I used not only by mathematical induciton, but also another method which I carried out for the last part. The 2 main conjectures I have made is: Sn = (n + 1)! 1 Tn = (n + 1)! + (n + 2)! 3 And both of the expressions are true for all positive integers n.

Stream of Consciousness Writing

Stream of Consciousness Writing Stream of consciousness is a  narrative technique that gives the impression of a mind at work, jumping from one observation, sensation, or reflection to the next seamlessly and often without conventional  transitions. Although stream of consciousness is commonly associated with the work of novelists including James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, and William Faulkner, the method has also been used effectively by writers of creative nonfiction  and is often referred to as freewriting. The metaphor of the stream of consciousness was coined by American philosopher and psychologist William James in The Principles of Psychology in 1890 and has been perpetuated to this day in the modern literature and psychology fields. Urgency and Presence in Stream of Consciousness Often used by creative writing teachers as a means to get the creative juices flowing for their students at the beginning of classes, a stream of consciousness writing exercises often ground writers in the presentness, the importance of a given subject or discourse. In creative fiction, a stream of consciousness may be used by a narrator to convey the thoughts or feelings going on in the head of a character, a writers trick to convince the audience of the authenticity of thoughts he or she is attempting to write into the story. These internal monologues of sorts read and transfer thought more organically to the audience, providing a direct look into the inner workings of a characters mental landscape. The characteristic lack of punctuation and transitions only furthers this idea of a free-flowing prose wherein the reader and speaker alike jump from one topic to the next, much like a person would when daydreaming about a given topic- one might start with talking about fantasy films but end up discussing the finer points of medieval costuming, for instance, seamlessly and without transition. A Notable Examplein Tom Wolfes Nonfiction Work Stream of consciousness writing isnt only for fictional works- Tom Wolfes memoir Electric  Kool-Aid Acid Test is packed full of beautiful, eloquent stream of consciousness which provides insight into the protagonists journey and story. Take this excerpt for example:   - Kesey has Cornel Wilde Running Jacket ready hanging on the wall, a jungle-jim corduroy jacket stashed with fishing line, a knife, money, DDT, tablet, ball-points, flashlight, and grass. Has it timed by test runs that he can be out the window, down through a hole in the roof below, down a drain pipe, over a wall and into thickest jungle in 45 seconds- well, only 35 seconds left, but head start is all that’s needed, with the element of surprise. Besides, its so fascinating to be here in subastral projection with the cool rushing dex, synched into  their  minds and his own, in all its surges and tributaries and convolutions, turning it this way and that and rationalizing the situation for the 100th time in split seconds, such as: If they have that many men already here, the phony telephone men, the cops in the tan car, the cops in the Volkswagen, what are they waiting for? why havent they crashed right in through the rotten doors of this Rat building In The Mythopoeic Reality: The Postwar American Nonfiction Novel, Masud Zavarzadeh explains Wolfes above use of stream of consciousness as the dominating narrative choice for this section of the nonfiction novel, saying the technical rationale for the use of such narrational devices in the nonfiction novel is the treatment of the subjectivity of the situation or person portrayed, as distinguished from the projected subjectivity (empathy) of the fictive novelist.

Dante and The Inferno Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dante and The Inferno - Essay Example hat have the most masterful and creative way in attributing symbolic retribution for the sins are found in the second which is the sin of lust, seventh is the sin of violence and the ninth and last circle which is the sin of treachery. Dante and his friend Virgil found in the second circle people who were __ with lust when they were still alive. To their surprise, they found famous people in history who is wallowing in the second circle of hell. The famous people from history whom they found in the second layer of hell were the adulterers during their lifetime such as Helen of Troy and Cleopatra. They suffered together with the other people in the circle with a strong wind that refuses to abate giving them eternal trouble and without rest. This strong wind is symbolic of the restless sin of lust that made them commit sin during their lifetime and now haunts them as a retribution in afterlife When Dante reached the seventh circle, he found that this pit was filled with people who were violent when they were style alive. Again, he found mythological figures in history in the seventh circle of hell. There he found Dionysius I of Syracuse, Centaurus and others. This circle of hell however differed from the earlier circles because this hell has three sections – outer ring for the killers, middle ring for the suicidal and the inner right for the blasphemers. The retribution to those who are in the outer right is being dipped for all eternity in the river of boiling blood and fire. The retribution for the suicidal are being turned into food to harpies. Those who are in the inner rings are subjected to burning rain while being in a desert. As expected, Dante’s vortex of hell has the most colorful retribution. There he found Judas who betrayed Jesus with a kiss and other biblical figures such as Cain who murdered his son Abel. Again this is divided into Caina, Antenora, Tolomea and Giudecca where the retributions were being immersed in ice as they look

Dimensions of organisation structure & Technology Research Paper

Dimensions of organisation structure & Technology - Research Paper Example Nonetheless, Toyota experiences considerable difficulties with delegating its power to national plant branch representatives and managers. As a result, the effectiveness of change management and organizational processes within Toyota has little to do with technologies per se but implies the need to restructure the company’s organizational culture and values from the bottom. Toyota Motor Corporation is rightly considered as a gold standard of the automotive industry and a role model for other car manufacturers to follow (Bauer & Erdogan 2009). Organizational structure is believed to be one of the key factors of Toyota’s sustained commercial success. Even as its competitors were losing billions because of the recession, Toyota still managed to retain its position of a leader in the global car making industry. Recent advances in technologies contribute to Toyota’s organizational achievements and success. The organizational structure of Toyota is that of innovation, technologies, and change (Leonard 1997). With an emphasis made on just-in-time manufacturing, teamwork, and complex enterprise architectures, Toyota relies â€Å"on a series of interrelated and internally consistent choices that reflect the priorities and trade-offs in its competitive situation and strategy† (Hayes & Pisano 1994, p.18). Technologies predetermine the organiz ational structure and development pathways in Toyota; nonetheless, they do not secure the company from organizational and structural failures. That technologies are at the heart of the company’s organizational structure cannot be denied. Everything within the Toyota Corporation is built on the principles of just-in-time production (JIT). The latter is closely aligned with complex information systems and, simultaneously, guarantees that all elements of the company’s organizational structure operate to deliver raw materials and supplies at the time they are needed and used (Bauer & Erdogan 2009). JIT

Information security Essay Example for Free

Information security Essay Most organizations today are adopting and integrating technologies in their production with an aim of improving production, efficiency, profitability and the competitive advantage in the market. This has been accelerated by the increasing globalization and innovation of new technologies which pose a major competitive threat to many organizations. Also, formulation of environmental standards as well as increased expectation on the standards and quality of goods and services by both the government and customers has also necessitated adoption of new technologies to ensure this is met. New technologies in use today like the web 2. 0 and also the new internet as well as wireless technologies have led to increased efficiencies as well as increased productivity for most organizations. However, despite the advantages which accrue from introduction and use of new technologies in organizations, they pose major security threats to an organization. Data hijack by criminals as well as terrorism threats are some of the challenges that organizations are facing during new technology implementation processes (Bazelon, Choi Canady, 2006). Security issues in regard to new technologies implementation in an organization Security is a top concern for most business since it may lead to destruction of a company’s reputation thus affecting the competitiveness of an entity. With increased globalization and increased terrorist threats, security risks have increased posing a major threat to most organizations. One of the major threats that companies face while implementing information technologies are the risk of losing or protecting sensitive data. Information technologies especially via internet and other wireless technologies are accessible globally which poses a major threat to an organization. Organizations hold private and sensitive information regarding their employees, production processes and also marketing strategies which are vital for competitive advantage. However, with technology implementation, and the dynamism in technology, such data may be accessed by unauthorized individuals causing a business great harm in terms of profitability. This also exposes the employees as well as an organization’s customers’ at risk of fraudulent activities via technologies. Information security experts insist that just like information networks operate or cross borders with no regard for the provincial and national boundaries, also security vulnerabilities and threats pass in the same way thus necessitating greater and stern security measures to ensure that the threats are minimized (Hinojosa, 2005). Another threat that organizations are facing is terrorist attacks and threats. Currently, there are many terrorist groups which operate globally and they employ high technologies to carry out their tasks and to harass businesses and employees as well as the customers. An increase in global terrorist organizations in the world that are connected via the new technologies poses a major security threats to most organizations in the world. Terrorists may not only be interested with soliciting the financial and production processes of an organization, but also the structural and day to days activities of an organization with an aim of identifying weak areas or points which could be used to attack an organization. This is made possible by new technologies which enable then to tamper the security measures taken by an organization to ensure that it is protected (Sussman, 2008). Phishing and data mining is also another information security risk that is faced by organizations during implementation of technologies in an organization. Phishing refers to the unauthorized use of personal information of another person which is obtained through networks. It also involves alteration of an individual’s computer software with an aim of obtaining the computer owner’s personal information by scrupulous individuals and for the purposes of defrauding the person or harming their reputation or career. With implementation of new technologies in an organization, the entity is enabled to sell its goods and services online and all the transactions are carried without having to meet the customer or the client. While making the payments, a client gives his private financial data depending on the mode of payment which he or she uses. Computer criminals have a way of tampering with or gaining access of such information which they can manipulate to make purchases while pretending to be the clients. The business thus faces a risk of being sued by a client on such grounds and for lack of adequate protection measures. This has increased the cost of implementing technology especially with different cases of security breach being reported today. Organizations are supposed to ensure that the private information of their clients and employees are well protected and that their privacy is upheld despite the cost this may involve (Ena, 2008). Risk of loss of important documents by an organization has also been a major security issue while implementing information technology. Apart from the risk of terrorist threats and phishing, an organization also faces the risk of losing vital information through dangerous programs such as the viruses which are transmitted via the internet and other networks. If such programs find their way to the computers and other technologies in a company, a company may risks losing most of its vital information as these programs corrupts the whole network system in an area. This could be dangerous for and organization as it may lead of reduced productivity, increased costs and reduced earnings (Blankespoor, 2005). With increased awareness of information security threats increasing in the world, the attackers have changed their tactics posing even a major threat to an organization. Most of the attackers are usually professional information technologists who invent new methods of accessing data from an organization despite the security measures taken. As mentioned earlier, technology is changing at a very high speed and so are the security threats to an organization. The dynamism of technology is a risk which cost organizations heavily as they try to keep pace with it. While implementing new technologies, organizations are also faced with the problem of testing the validity of the technology. Most of the cases involving security breach end up being the problem in an organization. IT companies exonerate themselves by arguing that lack of adequate security policies in an organization are the major causes of any cost that an organization may incur (Wallace, Lusthaus. Kim, 2005). Conclusion Information technology is a major strategy that has enabled most of the businesses to perform well in terms of growth and expansion. New technologies have been on high demand in the recent past especially as most organizations go global which necessitates networking. Technology improves the efficiency, effectiveness and the overall productivity of an entity. However, it poses major threats to the privacy of a company as well as its clients and employees. Stern security measures should be taken to ensure that technology implantation in an organization does not turn out to be more costly. This can be done though formulation of technology security policies and procedures to ensure privacy is upheld.

Working at The Bindery Essays -- Expository Process Essays

Working at The Bindery I have a dream. I have a dream about getting a doctorate degree in music. Well, to get that far, I know I must get through undergraduate school first, let alone graduate school, and so on. Last year I realized that I needed a job that paid much more than minimum wage if I was going to afford to go to college. I then heard about The Bindery from a friend in the same situation as I was. I filled out an application, went to the orientation a few weeks later, and then discovered that working there would be no ordinary job. I will now briefly explain how the factory works and then show you the "ropes" of working in my department.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are two major departments at The Bindery: the press and the bindery. The press cuts large rolls of paper into smaller ones. The rolls of paper are trimmed down to size for books, and all words and graphics are printed here. The paper is then folded by machinery into forms (groups of pages in books). Bundles of forms are held together with a piece of wood at each end and tied with plastic string. The bundles are then loaded onto skids. After the skids are prepared, the bundles are shipped to the work-in-progress area (where you are) by fork trucks. The skids of bundles are placed in front of each pocket, where forms are placed to feed into the machine that binds the paper into books. Pockets are parts of machinery about 12-15 feet long and are at waist or stomach height. The machine takes one form from each pocket and groups them all together to make a book. It runs very quickly, and it can make thousands of books in minutes. Five lines are in th e bindery department, therefore, five books can be made at the same time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First, I will e... ...r workstation so it will be clean for the next shift. When the journey persons say it is timeto go, grab your belongings and punch out. Get some sleep for the next day. Working at The Bindery has taught me and is still teaching me much responsibility. I have learned to manage my time well. Working afternoons is tough because I don't get home until midnight every night. Life isn't fun and games every night anymore. I also have learned to work very hard for my money to pay for my college tuition. Being there just for the summers was a taste of real life for me; not everyone gets the opportunity to live wealthy like we see in the movies. It has given me more motivation to stay in school to avoid a life-long job like this, for I don't want to labor for the rest of my life. I want to continue to live out my dream of getting my doctorate degree in music.

Christian beliefs about marriage and divorce Essay

How might Christian beliefs about marriage and divorce be applied to a Christian living. In your answer consider one or more situation in which Christian belief would â€Å"make a difference†. Consider whether all Christian couples would respond in the same way. Christian beliefs are to be applied to everyday life. The teaching affects couples and guides them to a content marriage. Every couple should strive to live up to their vows to successfully live-out their vocation. It’s a full time vocation and for the marriage to work, there needs to be constant effort and work. Overtime people mature and develop; this may lead to the couple becoming closer or further apart. Action and alteration then needs to be applied and the marriage should grow and change accordingly. Christians have to truly commit to their vows and have to promise love and fidelity and apply it to their daily lives. Some Christians may ignore God’s intentions for them by dismissing the Christian beliefs. By disregarding these beliefs, couples will not only gradually disconnect from eachother, they will disconnect from God as they’re rejecting his vocation for them. Some may say that the Christian beliefs are not being applied to life as much anymore, which is proven by the increase in divorce rate. However, The religious beliefs are lived out by the vast majority of couples. Those who do not fully apply the beliefs to their marriage but realise the beliefs importance, have something to aspire to and the beliefs can guide them to a successful Christian marriage with God. This is why the beliefs of permanence and exclusiveness of marriage are important and people still try to live to values outlined in the Gospel. I can only aspire to living in a joyful, stable marriage. I’ve been brought up in a fortunate atmosphere as my parents have been married for 30 years and hopefully will grow old blissfully together. They’ve followed the Christian beliefs closely, except for a few dents to the relationship but managed to pass through them, which can only inspire me to follow in their guidance. I’ve seen how beliefs are still present in their marriage and how the church teaching is certainly not out of date. As outlined in AO1, the beliefs of the life-giving potential of marriage are central and when couples enter marriage they must realise the affects their behaviour has on children. As I’ve been brought up in a successful co-operative marriage, I’m inspired to do the same as I realise the importance of Christian beliefs, so if one is brought-up in a unstable marriage this can affect the relations the children subsequently have. The grace given in the sacrament gives couples strength which can furnish couples concentration towards the Christian beliefs. Someone who takes their faith seriously is more likely to live up to the vows more rather than one who just simply goes through the marital service as tradition, without really regarding the ceremony for it’s deep meaning. These Christian beliefs taught to them can then encourage them to leave divorce as a last resort rather than take the easiest way out. Catechism teaches that â€Å"The remarriage of persons divorced from a living, lawful spouse contravenes the plan and law of God as taught by Christ. They are not separated from the Church, but they cannot receive Eucharistic communion. They will lead Christian lives especially by educating their children in the faith – Catechism 1665† Although they will not accept divorce; the Roman Catholic Church will accept an annulment which is a way of saying that the marriage was void Different Christians approach marital breakdown and divorce in different ways. A Roman Catholic would have immense difficulties if their marriage broke down and ended in divorce, yet they are unable to get an annulment from the Church They feel that they have disowned the church by divorcing. Also, if that person remarries, in the eyes of the Roman Catholic Church it would be classed as adultery. This situation may involve them being asked to refrain from taking the Eucharist. This can result in real hurt and a feeling of isolation from the Church as the Eucharist is at the very heart of Catholic belief.. Whereas, someone belonging to the free church in the same position would have no such problem with remarriage in their church. Other Catholics may choose not to remarry and live life alone because their first marriage did not work and they do not want to go against their beliefs. Although some marriages conclude in divorce, marital help services such as Marriage Care and Relate offer support to couples so they understand the full responsibility they’re undertaking. Couples who haven’t got the deeper understanding of marriage may break the exclusive aspect of marriage and not consider preventing adultery as much as a couple who follow the Christian beliefs. Different Christians have various responses to contraception. Catholic teaching does not permit the use of artificial contraception. Pope Paul VI’s encyclical letter Humanae Vitae (1968) expressed it this way; â€Å"It is absolutely required that any use whatsoever of marriage must retain its natural potential to procreate human life.† This means that sex in marriage should be natural and always open to the possibility of creating new human life. All artificial chemical and physical methods of contraception are rejected by the teaching authority of the Catholic Church. In conclusion, I think the church does have a positive role in supporting couples through the sacrament; it blesses the couple with married life. With Christian belief and practice, the couple gain strength, while guiding the couple through the sacrament of marriage.

Driving Age Should Be Raised

Should homework be banned. Yes, I feel it should be banned because you don't get any time for yourself, pointless. Because you already get work at school, seriously, home too? It kills trees, waste of time, boring, some parents don't even get it, it completely stresses you out. Not only you, but the teachers because all they do is grade tests, homework, classwork, and projects. I'm pretty sure they're tired of doing it too. I don't feel homework necessary. Homework should be banned because it just isn't useful and wastes time.Homework is pointless because kids do enough work in school and they don't need more. When they come home they want to chill out, hang out with friends, or do something. Kids are in school for 8 hours a day doing work, other than lunch and recess. Homework is not relevant for kids. I did a survey at school at resource, and a majority of kids say that homework should be banned in school because it is stressful and they procrastinate until the last second. There i s no point in homework.It takes away from spending time with family. According to the text with research ‘Homework Should be Banned,' â€Å"Schools has increased from 9 to 3 with 1 ? hour of recess and lunch to 8:40 to 3:15 with only 30 minutes of lunch and recess. † This quote shows that too much is just too much homework. Also, another reason is that, according to research, some of the smartest countries like Finland and Japan don’t have homework. We can be just as smart as them without homework.Compare and Contrast Driving in the Winter and Driving in the SummerThis shows that homework has no academic benefits for grades. Stress on kids. I’m definitely not the only student who agrees with this topic. Students all over the world have their lives controlled by homework, because not only is it boring but it takes up so much time and effort and after 8 hours of school, it feels absolutely useless. Firstly a 12-13 year old should be getting at least 8-10 hou rs of sleep but it can be hard when you have homework to finish and worries about it

On Philip Larkins This Be The Verse Essays - Philip Larkin

On Philip Larkin's This Be The Verse Essays - Philip Larkin On Philip Larkin's This Be The Verse This Be the Verse by Philip Larkin They *censored* you up, your mum and dad. They may not mean to, but they do. They fill you with the faults they had And add some extra, just for you. But they were *censored*ed up in their turn By fools in old-style hats and coats, Who half the time were sloppy-stern And half at one another's throats. Man hands on misery to man. It deepens like a coastal shelf. Get out as early as you can, And don't have any kids yourself. Lately, I have read a good deal of poems by Philip Larkin, and one unifying factor that I have noticed is that Larkin never seems to use a filler. Every word in every one of his poems seems to be carefully crafted and placed, to the point where the flow and rhythm of the poem seem almost an accident. One poem I read that really stayed with me is the above poem, This be the Verse. I will now show you how this poem, which at first glance seems to be written only to amuse, really has a much deeper meaning. I will examine the poem in several parts. First, I would like to examine the use of curse words in the poem, or why other words that would be considered more acceptable to the general public were not used. Then, I will discuss the three stanzas of the poem and what they were meant to do for the audience. Lastly, I will explore why Larkin would write such a poem, and what he was trying to get across to his audience by writing it. The second line in this poem contains the word *censored*, a word that is usually not considered acceptable for the general public. Yet Larkin incorporates it almost immediately into his poem. I can think of four possible reasons why. Firstly, words such as *censored* quickly and easily grab the audiences attention. This is similar to yelling sex in a crowded marketplace, everyone wants to know what is being discussed. Also, words like *censored* prepare the audience for a humorous bit of poetry, and this perks the audience's attention, and lets them know off the bat that this will not be another long and boring verse. Secondly, words such as *censored* produce an atmosphere for adults, or mature people. One term that is used quite extensively lately is adult language. This term branches off of the common idea that children should and would not use such words until they are older and have a more concrete knowledge of what they are really saying. Thus, by using a word such as *censored*, Larkin creates a poem that will most likely not be read to children. Also, such a poem would not be read at certain social gatherings (i.e. church meetings) where such words are considered unacceptable, further narrowing the audience for this poem. That brings me to my third point: that the people who read such a poem know, whether consciously or not, that they are in a distinct group, and that this poem was written for them. This allows Larkin to establish a closeness with his readers, now that they know that he is writing for them. This also implies to the reader that Larkin is one of them, that he knows the reader well, because he is in the same social class. To sum it up, by using a word considered to be socially incorrect, Larkin has managed to establish more credibility with the reader, which inherently forces the reader listen up, and pay attention to what Larkin has to say. Lately, modern art and poetry are showing more and more unacceptable words. This is because such words have become synonymous with truth. In other words, the general public seems to feel that if an artist is using curse words, then he must be telling it like it is. Thus, using such words helps Larkin's credibility as a man who has seen and will now tell. Larkin's poem is divided into three stanzas, each with it's own meaning and objectives. The first stanza is the introduction. As discussed above, the first stanza singles out a select group of people and builds Larkin's credibility with them. But

Frigate USS Chesapeake in the War of 1812

Frigate USS Chesapeake in the War of 1812 USS Chesapeake was one of the original six frigates constructed for the U.S. Navy. Entering service in 1800, the ship carried 38 guns and saw service during the with Quasi-War with France and the campaign against the Barbary pirates. In 1807, Chesapeake was attacked by HMS Leopard (50 guns) over the practice of impressment of sailors in what became known as the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair. Active in the War of 1812, Chesapeake was defeated and captured by HMS Shannon (38) on June 1, 1813. The ship served as HMS Chesapeake until 1819. Background With the United States separation from Great Britain after the American Revolution, the American merchant marine no longer enjoyed the security provided by the Royal Navy when at sea. As a result, its ships made easy targets for pirates and other raiders such as the Barbary corsairs. Aware that a permanent navy would need to be created, Secretary of War Henry Knox requested American shipbuilders submit plans for six frigates in late 1792. Worried about cost, debate raged in Congress for over a year until funding was finally obtained through the Naval Act of 1794. Calling for the building of four 44-gun and two 36-gun frigates, the act was put into effect and construction assigned to various cities. The designs selected by Knox were those of renowned naval architect Joshua Humphreys. Aware that the United States could not hope to build a navy of equal strength to Britain or France, Humphreys created large frigates that could best any similar vessel, but were fast enough to escape enemy ships-of-the-line. The resulting vessels were long, with wider than usual beams and possessed diagonal riders in their framing to increase strength and prevent hogging. Construction Originally intended to be a 44-gun frigate, Chesapeake was laid down at Gosport, VA in December 1795. Construction was overseen by Josiah Fox and superintended by Flamborough Head veteran Captain Richard Dale. Progress on the frigate was slow and in early 1796 construction was halted when a peace accord was reached with Algiers. For the next two years, Chesapeake remained on the blocks at Gosport. With the beginning of the Quasi-War with France in 1798, Congress authorized work to resume. Returning to work, Fox found that a shortage of timber existed as much of Gosports supply had been shipped to Baltimore for the completion of USS Constellation (38). Aware of Secretary of the Navy Benjamin Stodderts desire to have the vessel completed quickly and never a supporter of Humphreys design, Fox radically redesigned the ship. The result was a frigate that was the smallest of the original six. USS Chesapeake. US Navy As Foxs new plans reduced the overall cost of the vessel, they were approved by Stoddert on August 17, 1798. The new plans for Chesapeake saw the frigates armament reduced from 44 guns to 36. Considered an oddity due to its differences relative to its sisters, Chesapeake was deemed an unfortunate ship by many. Launched on December 2, 1799, an additional six months were required to complete it. Commissioned on May 22, 1800, with Captain Samuel Barron in command, Chesapeake put to sea and transported currency from Charleston, SC to Philadelphia, PA. USS Chesapeake (1799) OverviewNation: United StatesBuilder: Gosport Navy YardAuthorized: March 27, 1794Launched: December 2, 1799Commissioned: May 22, 1800Fate: Captured by HMS Shannon, June 1, 1813SpecificationsShip Type: FrigateDisplacement: 1,244 tonsLength: 152.6 ft.Beam: 41.3 ft.Draft: 20 ft.Complement: 340Armament (War of 1812)29 x 18 pdr18 x 32 pdr2 x 12 pdr1 x 12 pdr carronade Early Service After serving with an American squadron off the southern coast and in the Caribbean, Chesapeake captured its first prize, the French privateer La Jeune Creole (16), on January 1, 1801, after a 50-hour chase. With the end of the conflict with France, Chesapeake was decommissioned on February 26 and placed in ordinary. This reserve status proved brief as a resumption of hostilities with the Barbary States led to the frigate being reactivated in early 1802. Made the flagship of an American squadron, led by Commodore Richard Morris, Chesapeake sailed for the Mediterranean in April and arrived at Gibraltar on May 25. Remaining abroad until early April 1803, the frigate took part in American operations against the Barbary pirates but was plagued by issues such as a rotted mast and bowsprit. Chesapeake-Leopard Affair Laid up at the Washington Navy Yard in June 1803, Chesapeake remained idle for nearly four years. In January 1807, Master Commandant Charles Gordon was tasked with preparing the frigate for use as Commodore James Barrons flagship in the Mediterranean. As work progressed on Chesapeake, Lieutenant Arthur Sinclair was sent ashore to recruit a crew. Among those who signed on were three sailors who had deserted from HMS Melampus (36). Though alerted to the status of these men by the British ambassador, Barron refused to return them as they had been forcibly impressed into the Royal Navy. Dropping down to Norfolk in June, Barron began provisioning Chesapeake for its voyage. On June 22, Barron departed Norfolk. Loaded with supplies, Chesapeake was not in fighting trim as the new crew was still stowing equipment and preparing the vessel for active operations. Leaving port, Chesapeake passed a British squadron which was blockading two French ships at Norfolk. HMS Leopard fires on USS Chesapeake. US Naval History and Heritage Command A few hours later, the American frigate was chased down by HMS Leopard (50), commanded by Captain Salusbury Humphreys. Hailing Barron, Humphreys requested Chesapeake carry dispatches to Britain. A normal request, Barron agreed and one of Leopards lieutenants rowed across to the American ship. Coming aboard, he presented Barron with orders from Vice Admiral George Berkeley which stated he was to search Chesapeake for deserters. Barron promptly refused this request and the lieutenant departed. A short time later, Leopard hailed Chesapeake. Barron was unable to understand Humphreys message and moments later Leopard fired a shot across Chesapeakes bow before delivering a full broadside into the frigate. Barron ordered the ship to general quarters, but the cluttered nature of the decks made this difficult. As Chesapeake struggled to prepare for battle, the larger Leopard continued to pound the American ship. After enduring fifteen minutes of British fire, during which Chesapeake responded with only one shot, Barron struck his colors. Coming aboard, the British removed four sailors from Chesapeake before departing. In the incident, three Americans were killed and eighteen, including Barron, were wounded. Badly battered, Chesapeake limped back to Norfolk. For his part in the affair, Barron was court-martialed and suspended from the US Navy for five years. A national humiliation, the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair led to a diplomatic crisis and President Thomas Jefferson banned all British warships from American ports. The affair also led to the Embargo Act of 1807 which devastated the American economy. War of 1812 Repaired, Chesapeake later saw patrol duty enforcing the embargo with Captain Stephen Decatur in command. With the beginning of the War of 1812, the frigate was fitting out at Boston in preparation to sail as part of squadron consisting of USS United States (44) and USS Argus (18). Delayed, Chesapeake remained behind when the other ships sailed and did not leave port until mid-December. Commanded by Captain Samuel Evans, the frigate conducted a sweep of the Atlantic and captured six prizes before arriving back at Boston on April 9, 1813. In poor health, Evans left the ship the following month and was replaced by Captain James Lawrence. Captain James Lawrence, USN. US Naval History and Heritage Command Battle with HMS Shannon Taking command, Lawrence found the ship in poor condition and the crews morale low as enlistments were expiring and their prize money was tied up in court. Working to appease the remaining sailors, he also began recruiting to fill out the crew. As Lawrence worked to ready his ship, HMS Shannon (38), commanded by Captain Philip Broke, began blockading Boston. In command of the frigate since 1806, Broke had built Shannon into a crack ship with an elite crew. On May 31, after learning that Shannon had moved closer to the harbor, Lawrence decided to sail out and battle the British frigate. Putting to sea the next day, Chesapeake, now mounting 50 guns, emerged from the harbor. This corresponded to a challenge sent by Broke that morning, though Lawrence never received the letter. Though Chesapeake possessed a larger armament, Lawrences crew was green and many had yet to train on the ships guns. HMS Shannon leads the captured USS Chesapeake into Halifx harbor, June 1813. Library and Archives Canada (Public Domain) Flying a large banner proclaiming Free Trade and Sailors Rights, Chesapeake met the enemy around 5:30 p.m. approximately twenty miles east of Boston. Nearing, the two ships exchanged broadsides and soon after became entangled. As Shannons guns began sweeping Chesapeakes decks, both captains gave the order to board. Shortly after issuing this order, Lawrence was mortally wounded. His loss and Chesapeakes bugler failing to sound the call led the Americans to hesitate. Surging aboard, the Shannons sailors succeeded in overwhelming Chesapeakes crew after bitter fighting. In the battle, Chesapeake lost 48 killed and 99 wounded while Shannon suffered 23 killed and 56 wounded. Repaired at Halifax, the captured ship served in the Royal Navy as HMS Chesapeake until 1815. Sold four years later, many of its timbers were used in the Chesapeake Mill in Wickham, England.

The harmful effects of smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The harmful effects of smoking - Essay Example The shift is caused by a global tobacco industry marketing strategy that targets young people and adults in developing countries' (WHO (Holmes, J.), '10 Facts on the Tobacco Epidemic and Global Tobacco Control'. http://www.who.int). Although in the last years people are more informed on tobacco risks, smoking is still a very common habit. Policies for reducing tobacco smoke in public areas have been introduced in developed countries and advertisements are becoming more and more aggressive, but people keep on smoking. This happens, mainly, because of the nicotine and other cigarettes' additives, which are addictive. But, as a result of this collective effort, more and more people are trying to quit smoking or have already achieved it. Today, people are more aware of the risks of smoking and they are more sensible with their own health. Nowadays, people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking, but it was not always that way. The 'Counterblaste to Tobacco', written by King James I in 1604, is one of the first documents warning about the effects of tobacco. In this document we can find quotes like this one: for the Nose being the proper Organ and convoy of the sense of smelling to the braines, [] whether that Odour which we smell, be healthfull or hurtfull to the braine (King James I, 'Counterblaste to Tobacco'.1604 (reprinted version from 1905). http://www.laits.utexas.edu). So, as early as 1604, he realized that smoking tobacco was damaging to the nose and for the brain. Smoking became a very common habit at the end of the nineteenth century and especially during the World War I and II. In 1912, Doctor Isaac A. Adler was the first who established a link between cancer lung and smoking and then, in 1929, Doctor Fritz Linking published a statistical study supporting this theory. Later studies confirmed it, specia lly the 'British Doctor Studies' from 1954, which final conclusions were published in 2004. The main conclusion of the study was that 'a substantial progressive decrease in the mortality rates among non-smokers over the past half century (due to prevention and improved treatment of disease) has been wholly outweighed, among cigarette smokers, by a progressive increase in the smoker nu non-smoker death rate ratio due to earlier and more intensive use of cigarettes' (Doll, R., Peto, R. 'Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observation on male British doctors'. 2004. NCBI, Pub Med. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed). What is inside cigarettes 'Tobacco smoke contains over 4,000 different chemicals. At least 43 are known carcinogens' (Health Education Authority (UK), 'Harmful Chemicals in Cigarettes & Tobacco Smoke'. http://www.quit-smoking-stop.com). Some of these chemicals are: Benzene (petrol additive). Formaldehyde (embalming fluid). Ammonia (commonly used as a cleaner and in the fertilizers). Acetone (commonly used as nail polish remover). Tar (which condenses and sticks to the lungs). Nicotine (addictive drug). Carbon monoxide (a toxic gas produced when lightning and smoking cigarettes). Arsenic (commonly used in rat poison). Hydrogen Cyanide (gas chamber poison). All smoking products are harmful; not only cigarettes, but also cigars, menthol cigarettes, light cigarettes (although they are usually advertised as having less nicotine and

Discussion Board #6 Cool Jazz Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board #6 Cool Jazz - Article Example Pure musical devices have been used in the production of the recording and emotional expressions are correctly used. The recording is accompanied by a cool and detached concentration which encircles the performances that happens alongside the recording. In the recording, the rhythm section’s role is to provide the foundation over which the improvisers could drape melodies to accompany the recording or the album. The drummers and bassist have efficiently played their role in the recording as they have not interacted with the soloists; therefore, intensity in the recording has been controlled. The recording also posses’ incredible lines sound making it be a perfect match of the 21st century, this is because of the rhythmic activity used by instrumentalist in the recording. The recording thus reveals subconscious-Lee as musician of the past who has allowed and incorporated changes in the twenty first century to produce a form of music that is appealing to the present and future

The Business Proposal on ArabTV.com Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Business Proposal on ArabTV.com - Essay Example A significant number of people today use the internet to help them meet several needs such as shopping, employment chances, meeting their social needs, as well as for entertainment purposes such as watching movies or watching their favorite TV shows (Lescher 2008, p. 56). Consequently, creating a website that enables people to watch their favorite Arabic movies and TV shows is quite a great business idea because it is aimed at making the lives of people easier as they will be able to satisfy their entertainment needs through online. The uniqueness of this service is that it will enable clients to watch only the high quality Arabic television shows and movies right on their computer. And the most important and good thing concerning this service is that consumers have the chance of getting the quality programming and Arabic movies that will be appropriate for every person either within a family set up or as a group of friends. Furthermore, another unique or the difference of this servi ces is that, unlike the normal TV tuning, these Arabic channels will provide viewers the specific shows that they want to have and convert them right on their desktop. This website will ensure that it meets the various needs of the people ranging from entertainment channels, educational Arabic TV channels, Arabic music, programs on Arabic TV programs on home improvement, as well as relevant business programs for business people. The website also aims at providing several channels that show Arabic movies. This implies that a person may have a complete day of movie marathon particularly if he or she is a movie enthusiast who is presently on a day off and just desire to relax watching movies especially Arabic movies without renting DVDs. Generally, creating a website for Arabic movies and TV shows will provide consumers with all the television shows and movies that they want and even set up for their preference. As long as they choose this website, they will get the best providers for better value in terms of service and features (Strangelove 2010, p. 45). This will ensure consumers high quality Arabic movies and TV shows experience for a long period of time. With this service in place, a considerable number of problems will be solved. For instance, it will promote the lives of those people without televisions in their homes to enjoy Arabic television shows online. It will also simplify and help people save time in the process of searching for a place to rent DVDs containing Arabic movies, as well as save on the money spend on renting those movies. This is because as long as a person is able to access the internet, he or she will be in a better position to watch any Arabic television show of his choice, as well as enjoy his favorite Arabic movies at any time and at a favorable cost. It will also be advantageous particularly to those individuals who have membership cards with the website as they will be able to watch quality Arabic movies and TV shows all time onc e they pay their membership fee, which are quite affordable. In order for this proposal on creating a website to be accomplished successfully, there is need of employing different technologies such as standardized mark up that could either be hand coded or produced by editing software. Proprietary software founded on

A Case Study Of Jennys Restaurant Marketing Essay

A Case Study Of Jennys Restaurant Marketing Essay Jeenys Restaurant is a national chain cafe restaurant with a dedicated customer base, which is known for its best service, good quality food and family dining flair. But in the past year, the company has seen a manifest decline in its sales. The decline in sales is increasing as every fiscal quarter passes by. The reason behind decline in sales is totally unknown to the company. The restaurant has not changed layout or menu options within the past several years. The hypothesized root cause of the problem is poor customer satisfaction. This research will help to analysis the main root cause of sales decline. The objective of this research is to find out whether or not customer satisfaction and experience is the issue, and if so how customer satisfaction can be enhanced. Research Objectives As impact of global recession is still affecting large number of household in United Kingdom with their buying behaviour, it is important to find out if customer satisfaction with particular restaurant is the main cause or there are other factors. This research is going to use primary data by developing questionnaire to the restaurant customers, which helps to find out actual problem and weakness of current situation of the restaurant. The purpose of the literature review is to analyse past experience relating to customer satisfaction elements of the food and dining industry while emphasising on the sales increment. As I am working as a Manager in this restaurant, this research with help of primary data will analyse the customers attitude towards its service and experience, which will help to find out main reason behind downward sales line. The main objectives of this proposal is as follows: To analyze Customer satisfaction and its relative importance (debate) and evidence about key factors influencing peoples choice of fast food restaurant. To identify the best suitable model to measure customer satisfaction for my primary research. To review exiting complains and comments submitted by customers over the past 6 months in order to find out the area of subject where most of the customer did raised the issue. To arrange the questionnaire to the existing customers in order to explore their attitude towards Jennys Restaurant, why they like to dine at Jennys Restaurant, their experiences of and attitude towards current management process and their views on possible changes that the company could make for better satisfaction. To make recommendation to the management at Jennys Restaurant about cost-effective and management strategy that could be implemented in order to increase customer satisfaction. Literature Review Realisation of customer satisfaction in order to get success in the business is essential elements. is How the customers get the satisfaction and how we can measure the different between service provided and customer expectation ? Researcher is going to look different theories, journals and articles to establish an analytical concept about customer satisfaction elements. According to Kotler (2000) a persons feelings of pleasure or disappointment resulting from comparing a products perceived performance in relation to his or her expectations. Also Hoyer and MacInnis (2001) said that satisfaction can be associated with fellings of acceptance, happiness, relief, excitement and delight. It is very important to understand the expectations of the consumers to make them satisfied. According to Hokanson (1995), these factors include friendly employee, courteous employee, accurancy of billing, billing timeliness, competitive pricing, service quality, good value, billing clarity and quick service. Additionaly, (Labarbera and Mazursky,1983) state that By fulfilling the customers needs and wants will helps to achieve customer satisfaction. So that it should be notice by researcher that the customer satisfaction can be occurred by understanding their expectation. After having idea about customer satisfaction, researcher want to know how it can be implement in fast food sectors. According to Farrel (2007) The quick service restaurant responds to the universal desire for inexpensive and reliable fare that is feshly prepared, portable and ready on demand. It explains that the quick service, freshly prepared and economic factors motivate the customers to shop in fast food restaurants. Also according to (Schroder and McEachern, 2005) Brand value, nutritional value, ethical value and food quality determine the customer satisfaction towards fast food restaurant. There are other factors,according to (Jang and Maltila, 2005) Monetary gratification and intangible benefits such as quality and convenience also received high rating in customer satisfaction. Researcher should give attention to the intangible things such as service quality, serving time, internal environment of the company along with the development of core product in order to get maximum customer satisfaction. According to (Katz and Martin 1985) If the firms can improve customers perceptions of the time they spend waiting to be served, then customers will experience less frustration and may feel more satisfied with the service encounter. Also (Ho and Zheng 2004) clarify that A firm might choose a delivery time commitment to influence its customer expectation. However, there are debates and discussion about the influencing factors which are affecting to less shop in fast food industries. According to (Goyal, Singh 2007), The young generation in India likely to go to Fast food restaurant for fun and changes. But they like house food much better than food served at fast food outlets because they have the highest value for taste and quality followed by hygiene. Adding with that (Bose, 2011) stated The most evident advantage of Fast food is that it save time and money for a busy life people, but fast food is unhealthy than home cooked meals, as they contain higher amount of salts, fats and calories . Most of the people today are usually aware that fast food is not the healthiest food to eat. People eat fast food because it is convieneient, cheap and taste good. Fast food is not just less healthy food, but sometime it can be dangerous for your health as well. Stacel (2009). So it is clear that despite of good service provided by the company, th ere is other factors such as health consiousness which affect the customer satisfaction level. Along with that there is hygienic factor which also affect the customer revisit in the particular restaurant. A survey shows, one in three people is worried about the level of food hygiene when buying fast foods. Cleanliness of staff and premises top the list of concerns, followed by the way food is cooked and handled. (Consumer question fast food hygiene, 2003). As a result it can affect the customer to discontinue or decrease there buying behaviour in fast food sectors. According to Hoyer and MacInnis (2001) dissatisfied customers can decide to: discontinue purchasing the goods or service, complain to the company or to a third party and perhaps return the item or engage in negative word of mouth communication. The above study based on previous research explains the reasons for choosing and avoiding the fast food sectors and the importance of customer satisfaction which can be fit or not in the problem statement of the Jennys restaurant. To get the more evidence and support, researcher is going to develop questionnaire survey by using SERVQUAL tools. According to (Stevens, Knutson and Patton, 1995) SERVQUAL method helps to produce a sequence of questionnaire appliance for measuring hospitality service quality in DINESERV. John and Tyas (1996) have also use the tool SERVQUAL for measuring the satisfaction of consumer in restaurant. According to (Lee and Hing 1999) SERVQUAL is an instrument which helps to measure and compare the service quality of the fine dinning sectors which is easy and inexpensive to occur. It showing that the researcher will get help to accumulate the findings and reasons of gap between customer expectation and experience they have had in their last visit. This tools also helps to find out the correlation between service quality, customer satisfaction and purchase intentions. According to (Cronin, Jr and Taylor 1992) There is correlation between service quality, customer satisfaction, and purchase intentions. Service quality is an antecedent of customer satisfaction and consumer satisfaction has a significant effect on purchase intension. Although the popularity of the SERVQUAL tools to measure the service quality level, there are some debate over the use of SERVQUAL instrument. Detractors argue that the difference score leads to unreliable measure and that the dimensionality and validity is erratic. Jiang etl, (2002). However, SERVQUAL measuring method is adopting by thousands of business to know the actual demand and expectation of current customers. Because it helps to explain many factors such as tangible, reliability, responsiveness, competence, courtesy, credibility, security, access, communication and understanding the customers. Parasuraman et. al. (1990). Besides of some disadvantages, SERVQUAL is good tools to understand the customer satisfaction elements. Fedoroff (2011). Methodology Method Approaches (Bryman and Bell 2007) Quantitative research is that research strategy which gives and relates to the quantification in the collection and analysis the data. This method is relates to the deductive approach in testing the theory and research. It takes the positivism epistemological orientation and natural scientific model. It focuses on the objectivism of the social reality Researcher intends to implement all quantitative research methods in a way to trace the best results out of the research. The entire research approach and methodology will be ethical and best at its level. Research will be conducted by keeping in mind the Research Question. The research will be performed using questionnaires. Justification Explanation Conducting survey/interview Analysing data 1. Justification: The advantage of choosing quantitative research method questionnaire Low cost in time and money: As my questionnaire is designed to take just 5 minutes and can be done by making photo copy of 35-40 questionnaire, will help to make it economic and time saving. Respondents can complete the questionnaire when it suits them: As I am going to conduct the survey by requesting them to complete the questionnaire with the time avaibility of the customers. Respondents anonymity: There is no personal identifying information is going to ask to protect the anonymity. Lack of interviewer bias: The disadvantage of choosing quantitative research method questionnaire The need for brevity and relatively simple questions: The most of the part of my questionnaire is going to be closed question rather than open question. Questionnaire development is often poor:. Poor design and concept of questionnaire will not help to find out the actual problem and track to the solution. Lack of control over order and context of answering questions: not to specific Question wording can have a major effect on answers. : one question ask twice with different format to check exact answers. 2. Explanation Preparing for the survey interviews. As I am the manager of the Jennys restaurant I have access to secondary data such as sales figures for the past two years and complain and comments made by the customers in the restaurant and can organise a survey by collecting primary data from a questionnaire given to the existing customers. I am going to choose random sample survey with help of SERVQUAL Questionaire and dineserv method to collect primary data from a questionnaire taking 35-40 customers from Monday to Saturday 9:00am to 9:00 pm. My sample size is going to be small. Requested participants of this study will ask if they are over 18 and willing to complete survey upon exiting the restaurant. Willing participants will be ask to read the informed consent before completing the SERVQUAL Questionnaire survey instrument. Developing the questionnaire. To collect the primary data from the customer, my questionnaire key themes will be to analysis their current experience, expectation and attitude towards the existing setup and behaviour of the organisation. In above literature review, I was trying to analyse and understand customer behaviour and expectation towards food and dinning service, which help me to link and study the existing customer of the Jennys Resturants behaviour and also help me to think analytically about whether customer satisfaction is only the key point in the success of business development or there are other important factors. 3. Conducting Survey/interview The questionnaire survey is going to held on the Jennys Restaurant premises from Monday to Saturday between 9:00am to 9:00 pm. The survey will be conducted by requesting existing customer with detail pre information about the reason of the survey while their visit in the restaurant to fill up the answers of the given questionnaire which will take 5 minutes . The maximise the response rate of questionnaire survey; I am going to use following techniques. Brief Questionnaire: The questionnaire is going to use not more than 20 words to make it less time taking for the respondents. Make the return time not to short and not to long: The questionnaire can be fill during their visit in the restaurant or can take with them by requesting them to return it within 2 weeks time in given address. Easy to read (clear language, good print): The questionnaire is going to use simple language which can be understandable and use of quality printing. Easy to answer: The questionnaire is going to use tick box to place their attitude towards the restaurant. Be clear about what the respondent should do to answer the question: The questionnaire is going to use likert scale format, which is going to clear to click their answer just one for one question in the top of the page. Easy to respond (return envelop): The questionnaire which has been taken by the customer to fill it in their home will be provided a free post return envelop with them. Do not offend the respondents: The questionnaire is not going to include any subjects which will offend the respondents. Trustworthy: The questionnaire will start from explaining about the purpose of research by not taking personal information of respondents and is just for the academic use by showing college identity card to them. Analysing data Statement of service provided (Independent Variable) Very Dissatisfied (Dependent Variable) 1 Dissatisfied (Dependent Variable) 2 Neither Satisfied nor Dissatisfied (Dependent Variable) 3 Satisfied (Dependent Variable) 4 Very Satisfied (Dependent Variable) 5 Food Quality Service Food Hygiene Price of product Survey: Survey allows the collection of large amount of data from a sizeable population in a highly economical way (Saunders et al, 2008).It was done by explaining questionnaires and handing out and collected during session The research is going to find out the correlation between two variables. One is dependent which is customer satisfaction and another one is independent which is service provided by the company. The changes in the independent variable are going to affect the dependent variable. There are some other moderate variables which influence the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Such as Age, Gender, Marital status etc. As the above questionnaire sample can be broken down to subgroups such as age, gender, marital status to analyse differences. And data can also analysed by looking at average scores for each category (eg. Food quality, service, food hygiene and cleaniness and product price) as categorized in questionnaire to see if there are noticeable difference in their averages. The formula to calculate average score is Average score= Sum of Valued dependent variable which has been ticked divided by No.of dependent variable allocated For example by taking above Table Average score= Food quality (3) + Service (3) + Food Hygine (4) + Price of product (5) divided by 5 =3 It can be broken down into subgroups for food quality, service, food hygiene and price of product to noticeable difference in their averages Checking the forms Spreadsheet Graph/table: Graph are going to allocate to explain and analyse the data. As taken example of above sample, the graph is going to be like. Analytical qs Statistics Ethical issue The questionnaire will start with explaining the purpose of the research which is only for the academic requirement by showing the college Identification card. And also questionnaire will start with explaining the subject matter of the questionnaire up-front. The questionnaire is not going to take any sensitive data, like personal details, history and background to protect there anonymity. The researcher does not use force and hard request to get response from the customers and the research confidentiality should be maintained in term of collecting the data. Timescales and Resources S.No. Phase/Milestone Start Date End Date Notes 1 Literature Review 2 Development of research instrument- final survey/interview Question Schedule 3 Data Collection-completion of survey 4 Data analysis- results of primary data analysis written up 5. Report Writing- finalisation of dissertation. Conclusion Appendix A Quantitative Survey (Questionnaire) Customer Satisfaction Survey: Academic Survey to fulfilment of Master Degree Program(Cavendish College and University of Wales) This survey is being carried out to find out the customer attitude towards the Jennys Restaurant. Please answer the questions freely. You cannot be identified from the information you provide, and all the information provided will be treated in the strictest confidence. The questionnaire should take you about five minutes to complete. Please answer the questions in the space provided. Try to complete the questions at a time when you are unlikely to be disturbed. Also, do not spend too much time on any one question. Your first thoughts are usually your best! Please tick one box for every question. When you have finished the questionnaire please return in to me in the enclosed freepost envelope. Nameà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. What is your age range (Please tick where appropriate) Gender(Please tick where appropriate) 18-30à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Maleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. 31-50à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Femaleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 51+à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Othersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Question Very Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Neither Satisfied nor Dissatisfied Satisfied Very Satisfied Food Quality The food is served hot and fresh The menu has a good variety of item The quality of food is excellent The food is tasty and flavourful The food portion is enough The food provide balance nutrition Restaurant Service My food order was correct and complete Employees are patient when taking my order I was served promptly The menu board was easy to read Employee speak clearly Employee are friendly and courteous The service is excellent Value of price paid Quality of food Food hygiene and cleanliness The handling of food is good Restaurant Premises are clean Toilets are clean Product Price Food is good value for the price paid Prices are competitive If have any comments with the service of our restaurant please share with us. Thank you for taking the time to help us. If you have any queries or would like further information about this project, please call me on 07828857702. Thank you for your help. Activities Appendix B Gant Chart of Time ScaleMay 2011 June 2011 July 2011 August 2011 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week 4th Week 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week 4th Week 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week 4th Week 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week 4th Week Collection of literature review Critically review of the literature Meeting supervisor Review of project aims and objectives Questionnaire Process Interview the customer Accounting calculation of the breakeven point Meeting supervisor Analysis the accounting data Analysis and interpret qualitative data Analysis and interpret quantitative data Meeting supervisor Final report writing, Amendments, Binding of the project Referencing John. N., and Tyas (1996). Use of service quality gap theory to differentiate between foodservice outlets. Service Industries Journal, 16(3), 321-346. Stevens, P., Knutson, B., and Patton, M. (1995). DINESERVE. A tool for measuring service quality in Restaurants. 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